وَ أَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الْأَرْبَعُ فَقَضَاءُ الدَّيْنِ وَ...
وَ أَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الْأَرْبَعُ فَقَضَاءُ الدَّيْنِ وَ الْعَارِيَّةُ وَ الْقَرْضُ وَ إِقْرَاءُ الضَّيْفِ وَاجِبَاتٌ فِي السُّنَّةِ ‘As for the four categories, they are – repayment of debt, lending of items (for temporary use), giving loans, and hosting guests. These are duties affirmed in the Sunnah.
مَا يَحِلُّ وَ يَجُوزُ لِلْإِنْسَانِ أَكْلُهُ فَأَمَّا مَا يَحِلُّ لِلْإِنْسَانِ أَكْلُهُ مِمَّا أَخْرَجَتِ الْأَرْضُ فَثَلَاثَةُ صُنُوفٍ مِنَ الْأَغْذِيَةِ صِنْفٌ مِنْهَا جَمِيعُ الْحَبِّ كُلِّهِ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَ الشَّعِيرِ وَ الْأَرُزِّ وَ الْحِمَّصِ وَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ صُنُوفِ الْحَبِّ وَ صُنُوفِ السَّمَاسِمِ وَ غَيْرِهَا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْحَبِّ مَا يَكُونُ فِيهِ غِذَاءُ الْإِنْسَانِ فِي بَدَنِهِ وَ قُوتُهُ فَحَلَالٌ أَكْلُهُ وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ تَكُونُ فِيهِ الْمَضَرَّةُ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ فِي بَدَنِهِ فَحَرَامٌ أَكْلُهُ إِلَّا فِي حَالِ الضَّرُورَةِ ‘As for what is lawful and permissible for a person to eat, it includes that which the earth produces.
There are three types of foods in this regard. One type is, all kinds of grains, such as wheat, barley, rice, chickpeas, and other kinds of seeds and legumes. These include anything from grains that provide nourishment for the human body and strengthen it. So, it is lawful to eat it, and anything that causes harm to a person’s body is unlawful to eat, except in a case of necessity.
وَ الصِّنْفُ الثَّانِي مِمَّا أَخْرَجَتِ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ صُنُوفِ الثِّمَارِ كُلِّهَا مِمَّا يَكُونُ فِيهِ غِذَاءُ الْإِنْسَانِ وَ مَنْفَعَةٌ لَهُ وَ قُوتُهُ بِهِ فَحَلَالٌ أَكْلُهُ وَ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ الْمَضَرَّةُ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ فِي أَكْلِهِ فَحَرَامٌ أَكْلُهُ ‘The second type of what the earth produces includes all kinds of fruits that provide nourishment, benefit, and sustenance to human beings.
So, it is lawful to eat it, and whatever causes harm to a person when eaten is unlawful to eat.’ The Permissible Food: وَ الصِّنْفُ الثَّالِثُ جَمِيعُ صُنُوفِ الْبُقُولِ وَ النَّبَاتِ وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ تُنْبِتُ الْأَرْضُ مِنَ الْبُقُولِ كُلِّهَا مِمَّا فِيهِ مَنَافِعُ الْإِنْسَانِ وَ غِذَاؤُهُ فَحَلَالٌ أَكْلُهُ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ صُنُوفِ الْبُقُولِ مِمَّا فِيهِ الْمَضَرَّةُ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ فِي أَكْلِهِ نَظِيرَ بُقُولِ السُّمُومِ وَ الْقَاتِلَةِ وَ نَظِيرَ الدِّفْلَى وَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ صُنُوفِ السَّمِّ الْقَاتِلِ فَحَرَامٌ أَكْلُهُ ‘The third type includes all types of herbs and plants, and everything the earth produces of herbs that contain benefits and nourishment for human beings.
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