So, if something appears evil, it must contain hidden wisdom and benefit.

So, if something appears evil, it must contain hidden wisdom and benefit. This idea is supported by Qur’anic verses and many teachings of the (AS). Shia theologians use two main principles to explain this: intiṣāf (Justice and restoration): God will ensure that anyone who is wronged will eventually get their right back. Iwad (Compensation): When suffering happens without a person’s fault, God will compensate them in the Hereafter with a reward so great that the hardship becomes worthwhile.

Based on these principles, Shia scholars divide evils into three types: Evils caused by a person against themselves: These are the result of human free will, so they do not pose a theological problem. Evils caused by one person against another: Though God allows free…