Prophets are endowed with ʿiṣma ...

Prophets are endowed with ʿiṣma —divine protection from sin and error—so that their teachings can be trusted fully. In this sense, prophets cannot do anything outside the will of Allah, and any miracles or abilities they manifested were the product of Allah’s power and will [16] . In essence, Nubuwwah connects the human soul with divine wisdom, bridging the gap between Creator and creation, and ensuring that faith is both informed and transformative.

Imāmah – Leadership after the Prophet The fourth pillar of Shia Usul al-Din is Imāmah, the divinely appointed leadership of the Muslim…