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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Logic in the Islamic Legacy: a General Overview The Aristotelian Expositors Al-farabi Al-farabi was the outstanding contributor to the Aristotelian project, though not as a translator. Al farabi claimed that logic was indispensable for analyzing the argument-forms used in jurisprudence and theology, a claim that was to be taken up a century later by Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (d. 1111), thereby introducing the study of logic into the madrasa.

To support his claim, Alfarabi wrote The Short Treatise on Reasoning in the Way of the Theologians …in which he interpreted the arguments of the theologians and the analogies (qiyâsât) of the jurists as logical syllogisms in accordance with the doctrines of the ancients. Maybe Alfarabi is the first truly independent thinker in Arabic logic, a fact commemorated by bestowing upon him 'the Second Teacher' (after Aristotle).

Al farabi was the first Muslim to bring Greek thinking closer to Islamic understanding, which, then pivoted around the codification and clarification of Qur'anic expression. al-Fiarabi was first and foremost a commentator of Aristotelian texts; his commentary on Aristotle's Organon served as the work of reference for other Muslim scholars.

His work, however, went further in analogical reasoning to produce unique ideas not present in the Aristotelian original, and was dedicated to the inclusion of analogical inferences (transference). AI-FarabI's original contribution to analogical inference lay in his systematization of inductive reasoning under the rubric of the categorical syllogism. His intent was to raise the strength of analogy to that of a first order Aristotelian syllogism, i.e.

a syllogism which does not deviate from the Greek rendering of two premises, a middle term, and the production of new knowledge which in turn may serve as a premise for further inferences.

Drawing general or universal conclusions from premises generated by the scientific study of experience bodes well with the analogical framework of likewise generating general conclusions from particular instances of human experience-foreshadowing the methods of induction not yet fully developed in Western philosophical history.