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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books A Shi'ite Encyclopedia (chapter 9) Introduction : Free Will, Fatalism, and the Problem of Evil Written by: Dr. Vahid J.
Majd Since the early history of Islam, those who did not follow Ahlul-Bayt (AS) were mainly divided into two schools of thought: A main group who believed in compulsion (Jabr) on the actions of Allah's creation, and another group who believed in independent freedom of will and the relinquishing of the authority by Allah to His creation (Tafwidh) on their actions.
The school of compulsion claimed that since Allah mentioned in many verses of Quran that everything happens according to the will of Allah, then man's actions are Allah's actions. In the view of this school, human has no real choice because Allah has already decreed his actions as well as his fate. They claimed that the will of Allah is the cause for all actions in the world.
On the other hand, the school of independent freedom of will, stated that Allah did not will man's voluntary actions because He has given him choice on the domain of his volition. They believed that Allah left the planning (Taqdir) of people's voluntary actions to themselves. In contrary to both, the school of Ahlul-Bayt (AS) maintained that although all human's voluntary actions have been in the will of Allah, His will was not a compulsory will and was not the cause of man's choice of actions.
The Ahlul-Bayt (AS) maintained a position between the two positions. In this article, we will examine the claims and the evidence of these schools as well as the consequences of their beliefs in the light of the verses of Quran and the traditions. The Sunni View of the Will of Allah Let us now see how the revered Sunni scholars took side on this issue, and to which group they inclined when presenting their creed. Abul-Hasan al-Ash'ari (d.
When Allah enabled them for disbelief, He was able to create disbelief for them, and when Allah plans disbelief for His creation, then why do you think creating their disbelief is contradictory and invalid? This is while Allah, the Glorious said: 'He does what He intends'.