Alternative Sources for Sermon 13 (1) Al-Dinawari...

Alternative Sources for Sermon 13 (1) Al-Dinawari, al-'Akhbar, 153; (2) al-Mas`udi, Muruj, II, 377; (3) Ibn Qutaybah, `Uyun, I*,* 217; (4) Ibn `Abd Rabbih, al-`Iqd, IV, 328; (5) al-Majlisi, Bihar, VIII, 447; (6) `Ali ibn Ibrahim, Tafsir, 655; (7) al-Tusi, al-'Amali,* 78; (8) al-Mufid, al-Jamal, 210, 203.

[^1]: Ibn Maytham writes that when the Battle of Jamal ended then on the third day after it Amir al-mu'minin said the morning prayer in the central mosque of Basrah and after finishing it stood on the right side of the prayer place reclining against the wall and delivered this sermon wherein he described the lowness of character of the people of Basrah and their slyness, namely that they got enflamed at others' instigation without anything of their own and making over their command to a woman clung to a camel.

They broke away after swearing allegiance and exhibited their low character and evil nature by practising double facedness.

In this sermon woman implies `A'ishah and quadruped implies the camel (Jamal) after which this battle has been named the Battle of Jamal.' This battle originated in this way that when although during the life time of `Uthman, `A'ishah used to oppose him and had left for Mecca leaving him in siege and as such she had a share in his assassination details of which would be stated at some suitable place but when on her return from Mecca towards Medina she heard from `Abdullah ibn Salamah that after `Uthman allegiance had been paid to `Ali (as Caliph) she suddenly exclaimed, "If allegiance has been paid to `Ali, I wish the sky had burst on the earth.

Let me go back to Mecca." Consequently she decided to return to Mecca and began saying, "By Allah `Uthman has been killed helplessly.

I shall certainly avenge his blood." On seeing this wide change in the state of affairs Abu Salamah said, "What are you saying as you yourself used to say "Kill this Na`thal ; he had turned unbeliever." Thereupon she replied, "Not only I but everyone used to say so; but leave these things and listen to what I am now saying, that is better and deserves more attention.

It is so strange that first he was called upon to repent but before giving him an opportunity to do so he has been killed." On this Abu Salamah recited the following verses addressing her: You started it and now you are changing and raising storms of wind and rain. You ordered for his killing and told us that he had turned unbeliever.