But you dared to say this to the Holy Prophet (s.

But you dared to say this to the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.)?" The answer to this is clear: Umar was silent because Abu Bakr was going to appoint him the caliph whereas the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.) would have written the name of Ali (a.s.)! But the courage of a scholar cannot bear such tragedies.

Just as when Abu Bakr was appointed as the Caliph and Ali (a.s.) was informed of this, he rushed to the Mosque to prove his own claim for the successorship of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.) - all the companions expressed great regret and said, "O Abul Hasan! If at all we had been aware of this we would never have paid allegiance to anyone else." Hazrat Ali (a.s.) said, "Is it proper that leaving the purified mortal remains of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.), I rush for Caliphate?

I had not imagined that even a single person of the Ummah considered us undeserving for caliphate." After this incident, Abu Bakr was regretful for having accepted the Caliphate, but his coterie ensured that he does not forgo the Caliphate. Ali (a.s.) did not pay allegiance to Abu Bakr and returned home. Bani Hashim also gathered in the house of Ali (a.s.). Thereafter, Umar bin Khattab came with a group of people at the door of Ali (a.s.) to demand allegiance for Abu Bakr.

The partisans of Ali (a.s.) rejected his demands. Due to this Umar collected firewood. Hazrat Fatima Zahra (s.a.) asked, "O Umar! Would you burn down my house?" Zubair, a partisan of Ali (a.s.), attacked Umar and his companions with a sword. Umar ordered that Zubair be subdued. Salmah rushed to Zubair and snatched the sword from his hand. They dragged Ali (a.s.) to the mosque to pay allegiance to Abu Bakr. Here we shall only mention the most authentic narration of the Ahle Sunnat.

If we intend to relate all the narrations, any conscientious scholar would require volcanic courage to defend it. The Second Tumult In this way, Abu Bakr occupied the Caliphate seat and at the time of his death appointed Umar bin Khattab for the caliphate. Indeed Abu Bakr was indebted to Umar for his support and thus wanted him to ascend the caliphate. This was a sort of understanding between these two caliphs.

Umar, who had not felt the necessity for the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.) to write a bequest, accepted the written will of Abu Bakr with all readiness! Abu Bakr died and Umar became the Caliph.