ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Evolution of Man Man’s Social Evolution Social relations and structure of society have gradually evolved from simplicity to complexity, in the same way that technical matters and tools have become complicated reaching up to space-ships. As in natural evolution, the structure of a creature with a single cell is simple in comparison with the body of an animal or human being.

With one form gradually evolving into another, the form of human society has undergone a similar process of change. The structure of primitive and tribal societies is very simple. A man is a chief and the few tasks are probably divided by him among the members. But with the progress of science and technology, society, too, has had a greater division of labour and the tasks are much more numerous.

Compare to-day's jobs, tasks and professional classes with those of a society of a hundred years ago, and consider administrative and scientific branches of both eras. In the past, it was possible for a man to become a teacher of all the knowledge of his own time and become an Aristotle, an Avicenna.

But now the system of education has become so elaborate that even if there were hundreds of Aristotles and Avicennas as specialists in each branch of knowledge, they would still be ignorant of many other branches which exist in the world. The consequence of this is to remove the similarity between individuals and create distinctive traits and differences, for, as man creates work, work, too, builds man, (except that man creates kinds of work and work affects the number of men).

Human beings in a society have different natures since each one deals with a task different from those of others and this causes a differentiation. You may feel that in this lies the danger of threaten­ ing human unity, where human beings are similar in appearance, but with wide differences in mental, emotional and spiritual structures.

That is why it is said that technical progress has made man a stranger to himself that is a man is built according to the nature of a task or a job, and has lost his unity with others. Human Relations Beside power and domination over nature and beside the structure and formation of human society, there are other matters related to human nature, and that is the relations of human beings with one another.

Has man, parallel with his progress in technology and social structure, been able to advance in connection with human relationships?