Thus, breach of trusts is one of the major reasons of failure.

Thus, breach of trusts is one of the major reasons of failure. It is a serious factor causing mutual mistrust, enmity, and fear. Such factor results in social corruption, loose of ties, waste of interests, and dissipation of energies. Forms of Breach There are many forms of breach that vary in the scope of its cruelty, crimes, and results. The evilest form is treason that is committed by the thinkers and writers who violate the sacred facts of science by means of distortion and misrepresentation.

The divulgement of Muslims’ secrets is another form of breach. A third one is the breach of the deposits. To confiscate such deposits is surely a double crime of breach, larceny, and usurpation. There are many other repulsive forms of breach that injure both the individuals and communities, such as trickery, cheating, deficient measurements, fraud, and dishonesty. [^1]: Quoted from as-Saduq’s Thawab ul-A’mal. [^2]: Quoted from al-Wafi; part 10 page 112 (as quoted from al- Kafi).

[^3]: Quoted from al-Wafi; part 3 page 82 (as quoted from al-Kafi). [^4]: Quoted from al-Wafi; part 10 page 112 (as quoted from al- Kafi and Tahdhib). Previous…