5, the chapter on expeditions), we find numerous traditions...

5, the chapter on expeditions), we find numerous traditions that Zuhri has narrated from ‘Umar ibn Rāshid. He too, was truthful in narration and reliable in transmission. Many of the scholars[^12] have praised and criticized the narrators of expedition accounts like Ibn Is’hāq and Wāqidi, however Zuhri has been praised by all[^13] and has been hailed as the most truthful and highly learned of his time.

Therefore, we can rely upon what he has recorded or narrated about the battles of the Prophet (S). Zuhri had a longstanding experience in recording expeditions[^14]. He is the oldest writer to formulate a systematic and clear method in this field, therefore his recordings are well-grounded, clear and reliable and have been systematically categorized and are far off from the politics of authorship and other various discrepancies.

Abu ‘Abdillah Muhammad Ibn Is’hāq Bin Yasār al-Mutallabi (85-151 A.H.) Ibn Is’hāq was born in Madina and was buried in Baghdād after his demise. There is a difference of opinion regarding the date of his death[^15]. His most important works include: Kitāb al-Khulafā and al-Siyar wal-Maghāzi wal- Mubtadā ^16 . He was trustworthy and knowledgeable about expeditions and history and was also a memorizer of prophetic traditions[^17].

Great scholars have narrated from him and Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhri, Ibn Hanbal and others have praised him[^18]. Mālik called him a Dajjāl[^19] and accused him of following the Qādiriyya sect[^20] and also deemed him to be one who narrates ahādith with improper and incomplete chains[^21]. The Seera of Ibn Is’hāq has only come down to us through the recorders of seera, the most important of whom were: Ibn Hishām, Tabari, Kalā’i, Ibn Sa’d and Ibn Atheer.

All of these [people] have not presented the seera of Ibn Is’hāq in the same manner as the original, rather they have mentioned a summary of his statements and recordings. Ibn Hishām has himself acknowledged this in the introduction of his al-Seera al-Nabawiyya [^22], so it would be correct to say that this work is actually a summary and a selection of Ibn Is’hāq’s narrations.

He is one of the leaders of those who were involved in recording the seerah [of the Holy Prophet][^23] and is the first person to collect the accounts of the expeditions and record them[^24]. His works are a source of reference for researchers today.