(Surah Shams 91:10) And he despaired whose soul Allah has covered because of his sins and ignorance. كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَا. Thamud gave the lie (to the truth) in their inordinacy, (Surah Shams 91:11) That is the Thamud tribe disbelieved due to their mischief. The Imam said: Thamud denotes the group Shias who are against the true faith of the Imamiyah, like the Zaidiya etc.
as mentioned at another place… وَأَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّوا الْعَمَى عَلَى الْهُدَى فَأَخَذَتْهُمْ صَاعِقَةُ الْعَذَابِ الْهُونِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ. And as to Thamud, We showed them the right way, but they chose error (blindness) above guidance, so there overtook them the scourge of an abasing chastisement for what they earned.
(Surah Fussilat 41:17) Imam (a.s.) said that Thamud denotes the deviated group of the Shia and ‘ the scourge of an abasing chastisement ’ stands for the sword of Imam Qaem (a.s.), when he will reappear. فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ نَاقَةَ اللَّهِ. So Allah’s apostle said to them (Leave alone) Allah’s she-camel, (Surah Shams 91:12) Imam (a.s.) said that She-camel denotes the Imam who teaches them the divine sciences. وَسُقْيَاهَا. …and (give) her (to) drink.
That is, he has the springs of knowledge and wisdom. فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنْبِهِمْ فَسَوَّاهَا. But they called him a liar and slaughtered her, therefore their Lord crushed them for their sin and levelled them (with the ground). (Surah Shams 91:14) Imam said that this denotes their punishment in the second coming (Raja’t). وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقْبَاهَا. And He fears not its consequence.
(Surah Shams 91:15) It means that the Imam will not be afraid with the happenings of the world in the second coming (Rajat).[^2] In Maniul Akhbar , it is related through many reliable chains from Jabir Ibne Abdullah Ansari, Anas Ibne Malik and Abu Ayyub Ansari that: One day the Holy Prophet (S) prayed the morning prayers with us, after finishing he turned his blessed face towards us and said: O people! Follow the sun. When the sun sets take benefit from the moon and follow it.
And when the moon sets follow the Venus star and Venus is not seen, follow the Faraqdan (the two stars). People asked about its explanation, and he said: I am the sun, my brother Ali is my Vicegerent and Vizier, and he would repay my debts and is the father of my sons and he is my successor, he is the moon.