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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books The Role Of Islamic Scientists In The Advancement Of Science Islamic Scientists' Attention To The Experimental Methods Europe was proud to have introduced the experimental method and presented itself as the founder of this method. However, the history of science has shown that Europe is indebted to Muslim scientists for this honour. Muslims were the first scientists to develop and apply this method.

After translating and publishing books on different subjects, the Muslims realised that experimentation and observation was a much better method of discovering the facts. Humble, in his book The World , which was translated into several languages, after explaining that the lightest scientific progress in the history of man has been due to his personal experience, explained that experimental methods were first pioneered by Muslims.

Moshiyo Sayid Helu wrote that an important aspect of the teachings of Baghdad University was the way of reasoning which was generally based on scientific principles, and correct observations of events and happenings with reasons confirming the results of experiments. He said this was a procedure which has led present day scientists to great discoveries and inventions. For the Muslims in the Middle Ages, the application of this method was dear.

The proof of what we say is the initiative of the Muslims in chemistry, physics and so on. For example in chemistry aqua-regia;[^1] alcohol and sulphur were, discovered. These very Muslims' discoveries which paved the way for research by scientists like La Voisier, Jabir, the great Muslim chemist who lived in the latter part of the 8th century, wrote several articles about chemical mixtures that were not clear before him, such as aqua-regia which was a very important factor in chemistry.

From what he has written, it can be concluded that Jabir knew the properties of gases and he explained that when gases combine with other substances they loose their shape and properties and, in fact, change from one form to another. He discovered the two forms of chemical reactions. He realized in a reaction the substances may undergo either a physical change, which is reversible to the original substances or a chemical change, which is irreversible to the original substances on separation.