The government founded by the Prophet ( s ) controlled a...

The government founded by the Prophet ( s ) controlled a population of about ten thousand people whose way of life and culture were simple and most of whom were nomads and villagers along the suburbs of Medina. Naturally, the government had a simple and restricted structure consistent with the social fabric and demographic density of that time.

Gradually, the domain of Muslim countries and territories expanded and during the periods of the caliphs including the time of the Commander of the Faithful ( ‘a ) only half a century after the advent of Islam, the Islamic government encompassed countries like Iran, Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Hijaz, and Yemen. In view of the expansion of the territories under the control of Islam, it was not feasible to adopt the same form of government…