ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Obligations and Prohibitions in Islamic Divine Law Epilogue With reference to the science of jurisprudence and familiarity with the lawful and unlawful issues, it is necessary to take notice of the following point: As introductory to jurisprudence, the obligations and prohibitions relating to the secondary laws of the religion have been classified into different divisions.

It seems proper to mention these divisions, yet briefly, in order to bring into the light the varieties of obligations and prohibitions and how to comply with them. Divisions Of Obligations Independent And Dependent Obligations An independent obligation is an action that is obligatory in itself, not for accomplishing another action, such as performance of the obligatory prayers and observance of the obligatory fasting.

A dependent obligation is an action that is deemed obligatory in order to accomplish another obligation, such as the minor ablution ( wudhu’ ), the major ablution ( ghusl ), and the cleansing clothes of impure ( najis ) things. These obligations are also called introductory obligations.

Devotional And Instrumental Obligations A devotional obligation is an action that must be performed with the intention of seeking nearness to God and worshipping Him; otherwise, the action is invalid, such as the ritual hajj pilgrimage and the ritual prayers. An instrumental obligation is an action whose mere performance is sufficiently acceptable, even if seeking nearness to God is not intended, such as cleaning a ceremonially impure object or purifying the body for performing a prayer.

Individual And Collective Obligations An individual obligation is an act that must be carried out by all individuals independently, such as performing the ritual prayers, the minor ablution, and observing obligatory fasting. A collective obligation is a particular act that is required from a group; therefore, if it is carried out by any member of the group, the others will be not answerable, such as burying the body of the dead person by one person who has found out about the death.

Determined And Optional Obligations A determined obligation is an action that is specifically required from every duty-bound person, such as performing the Dawn Prayers.