ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books The Role of Aishah in the History of Islam (volume Three) Government Becomes Hereditary (imperial) I tore up the affair of this ummah to such an extent that it can never be repaired. al-Mughayrah ibn Shu'bah Their religion has indeed been worthless in their mind. Mu'awiyah When the rule of Mu'awiyah was established and its pillars became firm, and no danger threatened his position any more, he had a new idea.

Perhaps it would be more correct to say that this idea had always existed in his mind, since, as we have already seen, this was a part of the counsels given to him by his father, Abu Sufyan. This idea was nothing but making the Umayyad government hereditary. So he started making his idea an actual fact. In this task he made use of every existing factor in the country, and employed every trick and scheme and crime that is possible.

Ibn 'Abd Rabbih, well known Andalusian writer, says: Mu'awiyah spent seven successive years trying to pave the way for the people's allegiance to Yazid.

He consulted crafty politicians, and deceived those around him with money, and brought near him those who were more remote by means of all kinds of tricks.(221) In this connection, too, he adopted the same method he had used in strengthening his own rule, using money, position etc., and when he found these weapons weak or ineffective, he had no fear of even killing his uncompromising nemies e new no bounds in his cunning and unmanly deeds.

A group of historians depict the origin of the idea of making the government hereditary in a special way. Ibn al-Athir writes: The first move for securing allegiance to Yazid was made by al-Mughayrah ibn Shu'bah. Mu'awiyah had intended to dismiss him as governor of Kufah and replace him by Sa'id ibn al-'As who was of the Umayyads. When crafty al-Mughayrah learnt of this, he departed for ash-Sham with a group of his friends.

When he reached Damascus, be said to his supporters: "If I do not succeed in this visit to consolidate my position as governor, a success from which you, too, will benefit, then I shall never be able to get such a chance." Then he proceeded to meet Yazid, and said to him: "All the great friends and companions of the Prophet and the chiefs and elders of the Quraysh have departed this life.

Only their descendants are left, of whom you are more superior and enlightened and better familiar with the Prophet's tradition and the manner of ruling.