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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Shi'ism and Its Types During the Early Centuries Shi Ism in the Sense of Love of Ahl Al-bayt There is another form of Shiism which led to allegations of Shi'i leanings due to the attachment for the . In this regard the preference for Ali (tafdil) might also be sometimes present, but in general an attachment is professed for the on account of the existing traditions which stress the necessity of loving the ('a), the Prophet's family.

Such an inclination is also called tashayyu' by the followers of the Uthmani creed, even if there were no trace of tafdil or any other tendency in a person's religious attitude. There is a tradition narrated from Imam Hasan al-Askari ('a) concerning the difference between creedal Shiism and Shiism in the sense of attachment and love for the ('a). When asked about the difference between the Shi'ah' and the 'Muhibbin' (those who love die ), the Imam replied: ......

Our shi'ah are those who follow in our steps and obey us in all things that we command or forbid, and anyone who opposes us in many of the things that God has made obligatory is not one of our shi'ah.

[^31] Writing about certain verses of Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Husayn Hamdan, known as Khabbaz Baldi, which indicate his Shi'i leanings, Afandi writes: "It is clear that that which can be inferred from his verses is only his love (tawalla) and attachment [for the ], but there is no indication of hostility and disavowal (tabarra) [in relation to the caliphs] which is the main characteristic of tashayyu' (wa huwa al-'umdah fi al-tashayyu')" [^32] Shi'ism in this sense is found in plenty in the sources and here we may mention some examples of it.

Perhaps the most prominent of such cases is that of Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (150-204/767-819). Verses have been narrated from him which confirm such an inclination and it appears that he was accused not only of tashayyu' but also rafd for his religious attitude. Among his verses that relate to this topic are the following: [they say, 'You have become a rafidi,' and I say, No, not at all. Rafd is not my religion nor my creed.

But I am devoted to the best of the Imams and the best of guides, And should the love of the Wali be rafd, then indeed my rafd is ... [^33] In other verses he declares: When we prefer Ali we are called rafidis by the ignorant for our favouring him (tafdil), And when I mention the virtues of Abu Bakr, I am accused of nasb for my mention of virtue.