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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books The Life of Imam Al-hasan Al-mujtaba Chapter Xviii : the Stipulations of the Peacemaking The historians have greatly differed over the one who had started making peace.

Ibn Khaldun and a group of historians have maintained that it was Imam al-Hasan (a.s) who began that when he came to know that his affair became weak.[^1] Another group has maintained that it was Mu’awiya who started making peace after he sent him his companions’ letters containing perfidy and assassinating him whenever he wished and wanted.[^2] Al-Sibt bin al-Jawzi has mentioned that it was Mu’awiya who secretly corresponded with Imam al-Hasan and summoned him to make peace, but the Imam did not respond to him.

Then he responded to him after that.[^3] Most likely it was Mu’awiya who hurried to make peace and took the initiative to it, because he was afraid that the Iraqis might return to their reason, for they were famous for the quick change in opinion. The reason for that it was Mu’awiya who started seeking peace was the Imam al-Hasan’s speech in al-Mada’in.

In his speech he has mentioned: “Most surely Mu’awiya has summoned us to an affair in which there is neither glory nor justice!” Anyway it is not important to examine that, because there would have been no harm on Imam al-Hasan if he had hurried to the peacemaking owing to the hard ordeals that surrounded and forced him to make peace.

If it was Mu’awiya who had hurried to the peacemaking, also there would not have been harm on the Imam because of what we have explained about the reasons of the peacemaking. The most important thing is examining the stipulations [^1] Ibn Khaldun, Tarikh, vol. 2, p. 186. In the book al-Isaba, it has been mentioned: “When Imam al-Hasan was stabbed with a sword, he summoned ‘Amru bin Salama al-Arjahi and sent him to Mu‘awiya and stipulated against him.” In the book al-Kamil, vol. 3, p.

205, it has been mentioned: “When Imam al-Hasan came to know that his companions scattered from him, he wrote to Mo’awiya.” Ibn Abi al-Hadeed, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, vol.4, p.8., has also mentioned that. [^2] Al-Shaykh al-Mufid, al-Irshad, p. 170. Kashf al-Ghumma, p. 154. Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, p. 26. [^3] Tadhkirat al-Khawas, p. 206. In his book Fada’il al-Ashab, p.

157, al-Hajj Ahmed Afandi has mentioned: “Surely it is possible to gather the narrations and say that it was Mo’awiya who firstly corresponded with al-Hasan concerning the peacemaking.