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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Greater Sins Volume 2 The Twenty-Second Greater Sin: Khayanat The twenty-second greater sin, is defalcation or misappropriation of property. Misappropriation of property as a greater sin is stated in the Qur’an and the authentic tradition related by Abdul Azīm from Imam Muhammad Taqi (a.s.) and also from the traditions of Imam Sadiq (a.s.), Imam Kadhim (a.s.) and Imam Riďa (a.s.). Khayanat is itself an Arabic word.

In the tradition of Imam Ja’far as-Sadiq (a.s.) as related by Amash the word ‘Khayanat’ is used in the list of the greater sins. Another Arabic word used for misappropriation is ‘ghulul.’ ‘Ghulul’ is used in the narration of Fazl Ibn Shazān where he quotes Imam Riďa (a.s.). According to some lexicographers ‘ghul’ denotes misappropriation of a property obtained as spoils of war against the disbelievers which is not yet been distributed among the Muslims.

However other scholars maintain that ‘ghulul’ applies to every kind of embezzlement. The punishment of misappropriation according to the Holy Qur’an The Almighty Allah (S.w.T.) says “...and he who eats unfaithfully shall bring that in respect of which he has acted unfaithfully on the Day of Resurrection; then every soul be paid fully what it has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.

Is then he who follows the pleasure of Allah like him who has made himself deserving of displeasure from Allah, and his abode is hell; and it is an evil destination.” (Surah Āli-‘Imrān 3:161-162) In Surah at-Tahrīm we find the verse: “Allah sets forth an example to those who disbelieve, the wife of Nuh and the wife of Lut: they were both under two of Our righteous servants, but they acted treacherously towards them so they availed them naught against Allah, and it was said: Enter both the fire with those who enter.” (Surah at-Tahrīm 66:10) Also Allah (S.w.T.) says: “… Surely Allah does not love the treacherous.” (Surah al-Anfāl 8:58) and “O you who believe!