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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Soaring to the Only Beloved Part 1: The Necessity of Attention in Prayer How can the attention of the heart and the expression of humility not be the spirit of the prayer and (how can) the perfection of prayer not depend upon them, while the musalli in his prayer and supplication whispers to his Lord?

[^3] Rational Evidence Prayer is a kind of worship taught to the human being by his Lord through Revelation to enable him attain His proximity. It consists of a set of actions and expressions, most of which clearly declare the immaculate nature of God. A set of expressions , therefore, form an important part of the daily prayer. And clearly, the act of expression cannot really be known to be so if the heart is oblivious of what the tongue utters.

Therefore, attention is a necessary concomitant of expression, and hence is also necessary in prayer.

Mawla al-Naraqi in his ethical opus, Jami' al-Sa'adat says: وكيف لا يكون حضور القلب والخشوع روح الصلاة ولا يتوقف كمال الصلاة عليه, مع ان المصلي في صلاته ودعائه مناج ربه؟ ولا شك ان الكلام مع الغفلة ليس بمناجاة, وايضا الكلام اعراب عما في الضمير, ولا يتاتي الاعراب عما في الضمير الا بحضور القلب, فاي سؤال في قوله: (اهدنا الصراط المستقيم) اذا كان القلب غافلا؟ ولاشك ايضا ان المقصود من القراءة و الاذكار الثناء والحمد و التضرع و الدعاء, و المخاطب هو الله - تعالي-, فاذا كان القلب العبد محجوبا عنه بحجاب الغفلة , ولا يراه ولا يشاهد, بل كان غافلا عن المخاطب , ويحرك لسانه بحكم العادة , فما ابعد هذا عن المقصود با لصلاة التي شرعت لتصقيل القلب وتجديد ذكر الله...

How can the presence of the heart and the expression of humility not be the spirit of the prayer and (how can) the perfection of prayer not depend upon them, while the worshipper ( musalli ) in his prayer and supplication whispers to his Lord? There is no doubt that speech along with absent-mindedness is not the act of whispering.