ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Dictionary of Islamic Philosophical Terms Daal dakhilatan taht al-tadadd The two sub-contrary propositions; see al-qadiyatan al-dakhilatan taht al-tadadd. da‘im Perpetual. (AnAc) darajah Stage. (AnAc) dalalah The manner in which a vocable (lafz) signifies the meaning of a thing that it designates; it is of three kinds: dalalat al-mutabaqah (q.v.), dalalat al-tadammun (q.v.) and. dalalat al-iltizam (q.v.).

{Also: connotation, signify the meaning (of something) [see S. Afnan, Avicenna: His Life and Works, 92-3]. (updated by: AnAc)} dalalat al-iltizam Signification by association or implication between the word and its designatum, when, for example, the word "roof" is used to designate the walls as well; the latter designatum is associated with or implied in the former.

dalalat al-tadammun Signification of partial accord between the word and its designatum, when, for example, the word "house" is used to signify only a part of the house, i.e. its roof only or walls only, etc. dalalat al-tatafful A term used by Shihab al-Din Suhrawardi Maqtul (549-587/1153-1191) for dalalat al-iltizam (q.v.).

dalalat al-haitah A term used by Shihab al-Din Suhrawardi Maqtul for dalalat al-tadammun (q.v.) dalalat al-mutabaqah Signification of complete accord between a word and its designatum, when, for example, the word "house" is used to signify the whole of the house taking all its parts, the walls, the roofs, the floors, etc. into consideration.

dalil A word of common use in philosophical discourse but bearing different meanings among which the following should be distinguished: ( i ) designation or indication by which a sign "leads" to another sign or thing; (2) proof in a general sense to be distinguished from a proof in the strict sense, i.e.

from the syllogistic proof [al-burhan al-mutlaq (q.v.) or al-burhan al-qati‘ (q.v.)] in deductive logic by which the particular is deduced from the universal; (3) more specifically the proof by which the cause is inferred from the effect or universal from the particular; see also istidlal and al-burhan al-’inni. al-dalil al-iqna‘i The persuasive argument; see iqna and qiyas al-iqna‘i.

al-dalil al-murafa‘ah ila al-shakhs The fallacy of argumentum ad hominem: a kind of the fallacy of ignoratio elenchi (mughalatat al-natijah ghair al-muta‘alliqah, q.v.) ; see also mughalatat al-dalil al-murafa‘ah ila al-shakhs.