Two: Intercession would not be without criteria; on the...
Two: Intercession would not be without criteria; on the contrary it would be possible in circumstances that the person to be interceded should possess qualities making him eligible to be interceded for.
The interceder does not ask the ruler to forsake the commands of his guardians or to disable the law of punishing criminals; on the contrary he mentions some specialties of the person to be interceded for and appeals to the greatness and mercy of the ruling person and keeping in mind the present exigencies, requests the ruler that he should exercise the rights of his rulership and have mercy on the person who is to be interceded for and that he should bestow his favor and forgiveness on him.
Therefore, intercession is a social exigency and does not conflict with laws of recompense. Intercession in Quran Now it must be seen what Quran says about intercession.
In this matter it is better to study the verses related to intercession: Verses on this topic can be divided into different types: First Group: Verses that apparently negate intercession وَاتَّقُواْ يَوْماً لَّا تَجْزِى نَفْسٌ عَن نَّفْسٍ شَيْئاً وَلَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهَا شَفَعَةٌ وَلَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا عَدْلٌ وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ And be on your guard against a day when one soul shall not avail another in the least, neither shall intercession on its behalf be accepted, nor shall any compensation be taken from it, nor shall they be helped.
(2:48) وَاتَّقُواْ يَوْماً لاَّ تَجْزى نَفْسٌ عَنْ نَفْسٍ شَيْئاً وَلاَ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهَا عَدْلٌ وَ لاَ تَنْفَعُهَا شَفَعَةٌ وَلاَ هُمْ يُنْصَرُونَ And be on your guard against a day when no soul shall avail another in the least neither shall any compensation be accepted from it, nor shall intercession profit it, nor shall they be helped.
(2:123) يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ أَنْفِقُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقْنَكُمْ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِىَ يَوْمٌ لَابَيْعٌ فِيهِ وَلَا خُلَّةٌ وَلَا شَفَعَةٌ وَالْكَفِرُونَ هُمُ الْظَّلِمُونَ O you who believe! spend out of what We have given you before the day comes in which there is no bargaining, neither any friendship nor intercession, and the unbelievers- they are the unjust.
(2:254) يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِى مَوْلىً عَن مَّوْلىً شَيْئاً وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ The day on which a friend shall not avail (his) friend aught, nor shall they be helped.