ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Sciences of Hadith Chapter 11: Meeting 10 the Science of Al-rejaal I Chapter 13 : Meeting 12: The Science Of Fiqhul-Hadith Meeting 12: The Science of Fiqhul-Hadith Abstract Meaning and Significance The science of Fiqhul-Hadith deals with the meanings of the words of a Hadith, whether its meaning is real or figurative, general or specific and whether there is any other Hadith or Ayah contrary to it or not, etc.

The name is driven from the many narrations in which the Imams of Ahlul-Bayt (a.s) emphasised on understanding the Ahadith more than mere narrating them. Dawood Ibn Farqad said: I heard Imam Sadiq (a.s) saying: انتم افقه الناس اذا عرفتم معاني کلامنا ان الکلمة لتتصرف علي وجوه فلو شاء انسان لصرف کلامه کيف شاء و لا يکذب. "You are the most learned (Faqih) people if you know the meanings of our words.

Surely, a word may accept different meanings, so if the speaker wishes he can change his words as he wishes so that he doesn't lie." [^132] The term Afqah in the Hadith means 'the most learned' not the most juristic although a jurist is an example of those are learned on jurisprudential issues.

Mohammad Ibn Abi Omair through Ibrahim al-Karkhi narrated from Imam Sadiq (a.s): حديث تدريه خير من الف ترويه و لايکون الرجل منکم فقيها حتي يعرف معاريض کلامنا و انّ الکلمة من کلامنا لتتصرف علي سبعين وجها لنا من جميعها المخرج. "To understand (Derayah) a Hadith is better than narrating one thousand narrations. None of you will be a Faqih (learned) until he understands the meanings of our words.

Surely, sometimes a word from our speech may accept seventy different meanings in all of which we have a justification." [^133] General Rules for Understanding (Fiqh) a Hadith Confidence in its authenticity The first step for understanding a Hadith is to find out whether or not it is really the words of a Ma'soom. This rule will be obtained if the Hadith is narrated in the famous books of Hadith via reliable narrators.

For instance, some people assume the famous saying: كل ارض كربلا و كل يوم عاشورا (Every land is Karbala and every day is Ashura) is a Hadith. However, this statement is not narrated from any of the Imams (a.s) in any book of Hadith. Thus, one may just quote it as an expression to mean every day and in every land we should pay tribute to Imam Husain (a.s).

Compatibility with the Quran To verify how genuine the narrations are we are instructed by the Imams of Ahlul-Bayt (a.s) to present them to the Quran.