ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Use of Natural Resources and Mahdism Doctrine Extension in the Model With Mahdism Perspective A model of natural resource use under Divine Economics has been presented by Hamdani 2007 and further elaborated in Hamdani and Freeman 2008 based on the above mentioned arguments. The model provides a general framework of natural resource use analysis that can be considered in perspective of Mahdism doctrine.

The next section presents the modified empirical model. The holy books of divine religions contain many commandments regarding the use of God's blessings on earth. There are numerous references to water and related phenomena in the Divine books e.g. Qur'an and Bible such as the word "water" has been mentioned in Qumran 63 times.

The other water related words river, fountains, springs, rain, hail, clouds also occur many times in these books causing an influence on the reader's perception and behavior about water use.

As regards, use of natural resources, the following model for pedagogical purpose was presented in the aforementioned studies; The Original Model: Wig =Water Scarcity level, Time cost, Religious human capital, Environment (technology, others' behavior and infrastructure), other conventional economics variables} This model can be modified and extended as under to incorporate the Mahdvi perspective.

The Mahdvi Model: Wi =Water Scarcity level, Time cost, Religious human capital, Environment (technology, others' behavior and infrastructure), the knowledge about Mahdism, the attachment and devotion with Mahdism, other conventional economics variables} A more elaborate functional relationship can be written as under; Where Wi is the average consumption of water by ith individual including the water wasted or polluted by individual due to habits and attitudes.

The variables used in this model are elaborated below much in the same way as defined in Hamdani (2007); Ta = Productive Time available with the individual at particular place and time [Total time 24 hrs - committed (biologically needed) time for leisure, volunteering, home and religious activities] wij = average water consumption need that depends on a number of socioeconomics, demographic and religious variables.

W = Total quantity of water in given space and time that is fixed in the religious sense of Takween and Tashreeh.