• Yarma‘iyyah...

●Yarma‘iyyah: They believe that Imam as-Sadiq ( ‘a ) entrusted the Imamate to Yarma‘ ibn Musa. • Tamimiyyah: They believe that Imam as-Sadiq ( ‘a ) entrusted the Imamate to ‘Abd Allah ibn Sa‘d at-Tamimi. • Ju‘diyyah: They believe that Imam as-Sadiq ( ‘a ) entrusted the Imamate to a person named Abu Ju‘dah.

●Ya‘qubiyyah: They reject the Imamate of Musa ibn Ja‘far ( ‘a ), saying that Imamate could be entrusted to other than the sons of Imam as-Sadiq ( ‘a ), and their leading figure is a person named Abu Ya‘qub.

●Mamturah: They suspend their judgment concerning Imam al-Kazim ( ‘a ), saying that they are not sure if the Imam really passed away or not.[^5] • Waqifiyyah: They believe that Imam al-Kazim ( ‘a ) did not die and that he shall remain alive till the Day of Resurrection ( ‘a ).[^6] Of course, some of these sects had also split into smaller sects.

For example, Kaysaniyyah has two groups regarding the Imamate of Muhammad al-Hanafiyyah: Some believed that Muhammad al-Hanafiyyah was the Imam after Imam al-Husayn ( ‘a ) while another group was of the opinion that he was supposed to be the Imam after his father, ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib ( ‘a ), and after ascribing the Imamate to pass to his son, Abu Hashim after him, they were again divided into some groups: A group believed that Abu Hashim had entrusted the Imamate to Muhammad ibn ‘Ali al-‘Abbasi.

The second group maintained that Abu Hashim had entrusted the Imamate to his brother, ‘Ali ibn Muhammad al-Hanafiyyah. The third group opined that Abu Hashim had entrusted the Imamate to his nephew, Hasan ibn ‘Ali.

The fourth group held that Abu Hashim had entrusted the Imamate to ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amru al-Kindi.[^7] Zaydiyyah is also divided into three main groups: Jarudiyyah: [^8] They believe that after the Holy Prophet ( ‘a ), ‘Ali ( ‘a ) was the one worthy of the caliphate but the Prophet ( ‘a ) introduced him to the people for the caliphate only by descriptions and not by name, and that due to the people’s failure to recognize him correctly, they chose Abu Bakr and for doing so, the people became infidels { kuffar }.

Sulaymaniyyah: [^9] They believe that Imamate is determined through consultation { shura } and that the Imamate of ‘a deserving one’ { mafdhul } while ‘the most deserving one’ { afdhal } is present is permissible.

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