Large part of those who had such beliefs confessed their...

Large part of those who had such beliefs confessed their error and their corrupt trend. So they returned to the doctrine of the truth and correctness. Because of that, the movement of Shiism appeared, and the scientific abilities of its leaders spread. So great part of the Muslims adopted it. This affair disturbed the responsible, and they resisted it through persecuting and severely punishing its followers. They prevented them from speaking in the ideological fields.

So Imam Musa, peace be on him, was forced during the days of al-Mehdi to send a letter to Hisham. He asked him to refrain from theology due to the dangerous situation, and Hisham refrained from that until al-Mehdi died.[1] It is necessary to talk briefly about these subject matters; similarly, it is necessary to deal with some important events that happened at that time and to know the policy of the then government.

That is because studying the life of the Imam, peace be on him, depends on having knowledge of these affairs. Besides they show us great part of the political and social problems at that time. I (the author) think that a researcher is in need of having knowledge of such matters.

Al-Shiubiya Rwait Ronaldson, an orientalist, maintained that the appearance of the movement of al- shiubiya, intense conflict between the Arabs and the rest of other peoples were the most important events happened at the time of Imam Musa, peace be on him.[2] This viewpoint is very surface. It indicates that its owner did not study the Islamic history deeply, that he did not understand the beginning and development of the events in history. For al- shiubiya was not born at that time.

Rather it began before it for a long time. We will give proofs of that. It is necessary to pause to inquire into this important event, which is the greatest of all the events with which the Islamic world was afflicted. That is as follows: A. The Definition of al- shiubiya The linguists have differed over the definition of this word (al- shiubiya). In the book al-Lisan, al- shiubi is he who degrades the importance of the Arabs and sees that they have no excellence over other than them.

In the book al-Sihah, al- shiubiya is a sect that does not prefer the Arabs to non-Arabs. So according to the first definition, al- shiubi is he who degrades the value and dignity of the Arabs and sees that they have no excellence over those other than them.