jihad: the word jihad, in terms of the acquisition of a...

jihad: the word jihad, in terms of the acquisition of a desirable and commendable objective, carries a number of meanings. Jihad is striving against the evils of the self, and it is also the struggle waged for the propagation of Islam and the integrity of Ummah.

For example, to launch jihad through tongue and pen for the improvement and development of the Islamic society; an armed struggle against the exploitive forces is also jihad but this is ‘minor jihad’ while a perpetual struggle against the evil wishes of one’s self is ‘major jihad’. Jihad is one of the cardinal articles of Islam. Ka‘bah: a cube-shaped building at the centre of al-Masjid-ul-Harām (the great mosque at Makkah) towards which all Muslims face in prayer.

It is also known as the House of Allah. kawthar: lit. abundance. A pond in Paradise. lahd: the hollow made in the grave on the Ka‘bah side, in which the corpse is placed. maqām Ibrāhīm: the place at Makkah within the boundary of al-Masjid-ul-Harām, to have the impression of the footprints of the Prophet Ibrāhīm (عليه السلام). There is a stone on which Ibrāhīm (عليه السلام) stood while he and his son, the Prophet Ismā‘īl (عليه السلام), were building the Ka‘bah.

Maryam: the Prophet ‘Īsā’s mother; Mary. mawdū‘: a mawdū‘ tradition narrated by a liar, a narrator whose act of lying in relating traditions has been proved. Mīkā’īl ( عليه السلام ): name of an angel, Micheal. mu’adhdhin: one who gives the adhān, the call to prayer, loudly calling people to come and perform the prayer. Mūsā ( عليه السلام ): the prophet Moses. nawāfil: pl. of nafl, a voluntary act; a work of supererogation. Nūh ( عليه السلام ): the prophet Noah.

Rabb: one of the names of Allah; Sustainer. sahīh: sound. A hadith with an unbroken chain of narrators ranging from the *(Peac Be Up Him and His Household)* and approaching an era through reliable narrators without being shādh (odd) or mu‘allal (faulty) in between the two cross relaters. Sālih (عليه السلام): the prophet Salih. Shariah: lit. road. It is a legal modality of a people based on the revelation of their prophet/messenger.

The last Shariah is that of Islam that abrogates all previous shariahs. Sunnah: pl. sunnahs. lit. the path, way or a form, the customary practice of a person or a group of people. It has come to refer almost exclusively to the legal way or ways, orders, statements and acts of worship, etc., of the *(Peac Be Up Him and His Household)* which have become the models to be followed by the Muslims.