They allege that the Qur'an was authored by Muhammad (s.

They allege that the Qur'an was authored by Muhammad (s.a.w.)'himself, and that he was influenced by the Torah and the Gospel, and they point out a number of common concepts present in the Qur'an as a proof according to their ambiguity - that it has borrowed its ideals from these two Scriptures, due to Muhammad's (s.a.w.) contacts with Jews and Christians.

The advocates of this absurd theory thought that they had discovered a grave defect which according to them questions the very authenticity of the Qur'an and its being a divine revelation. But surely any one endowed with rational thinking needs no proof to refute this ambiguity about the Qur'an being influenced by the Jewish and Christian thought.

It suffices just to remember that all the messages have actually sprung from the same common source - Almighty Allah - the aims of all messages are the same, and therefore the principle elements in the divine proclamations should be common. This amity of principles, concepts and aims is the result of their single origin, i.e.

the unbroken chain of Divine Inspiration which strived to guide man to serve Allah alone, and to liberate humanity from diverse superstitious servitudes to demi-gods and idols. Thus it is clear that these are neither the result of borrowing nor of personal affection, as the skeptics allege, but the proof of the continuation of the Divine Guidance.

Therefore, by recognizing these facts we reach the conclusion that the common similarities between the divine messages are a divine reality that gives unquestionable evidence to the truthfulness of Muhammad's (s.a.w.) prophethood, since it proves that the proclamations of Islam advocate the same goals and aims that had been advocated by the preceding prophets.

Where do the Messages Differ In the previous chapters, we explained the basic concepts common in all the divine messages, since they originated from a single source. As to the points of difference among the divine messages proclaimed by the prophets these were necessitated due to the changing times and circumstances and concerned only certain secondary principles such as legislation, ways of worship and methods of organizing life.

Each message had its particular legislative form through which the teachings of Islam and its major goals in life were suitably expressed.