.”[^13] These “wrongful ways” have been detailed at length...

.”[^13] These “wrongful ways” have been detailed at length by the Holy Prophet and the great jurists of Islam have elucidated them in books of law.

Some of them, however, have been described in the Qur'an as under: (a) “And do not eat one another's property among yourselves in wrongful ways, nor seek by it to gain the nearness of the judges that you may sinfully consume a portion of other men's goods and that knowingly.”[^14] (b) “If one of you deposits a thing on trust with another, let him who is trusted (faithfully) deliver his trust, and let him fear God, his Lord.”[^15] (c) “He who misappropriates (the public money) will come on the Day of Judgment with what he has misappropriated; then shall everyone be given in full what he earned.”[^16] (d) “The thief, male or female, cut off his or her hands.”[^17] (e) “Those who devour the property of orphans unjustly, devour fire in their bellies,…