On one hand is unity and agreement and on the other hand are...

On one hand is unity and agreement and on the other hand are controversies and differences. These are the two causes of advancement and backwardness. In the beginning of Islam the Muslims were united and agreed on most issues and according to the Quranic command they were as brothers. But after the demise of the Holy Prophet (a.s.) some differences that arose, in spite of this Commander of the faithful (a.s.) and his sons used wise diplomacy and did not allow them to halt the progress of Islam.

They became aloof from the usurpers of their rights because they desired that at least the principles of Islam should remain safe. But now hypocrisy and controversies of the ruling elite has reached to its zenith. In the recent centuries there has been a considerable increase in intersected animosities. And every sect considers others apostles and infidels, and try their best to insult and degrade them.

Today differences and controversies between the Muslims have intensified and the true face of Islam has been concealed behind the veils of misunderstandings and misconceptions. In the circumstances is it possible that Muslims would be able to regain their lost glory? **Familiarity with prevailing circumstances ** 3. It was one of the important causes of the advancement of Muslims in the past centuries. They used to equip themselves with latest knowledge and the most developed weapons.

At the time of the battle of Hunain the Holy Prophet (a.s.) received the information that in Yemen a new weapon has been invented which can destroy fort and raze strong fortifications. He at once prepared some people that they travel to Yemen and learn of the techniques of manufacturing and operating it. The Muslims of the early centuries translated the books of science, philosophy, medicine and astronomy into Arabic and added their research and investigations advancing them further.

Also, they established great universities and libraries. Thus they became needy of the scientific advancement of others and themselves became the torchbearers of knowledge. For a long time Baghdad, Shaam, (Syria), Misr (Egypt) and Andalusia quenched the thirst of those who flocked there in search of knowledge but today the majority of the Muslims have ignored the prevailing situations and disregarded the demands of the present age.

They desire that they should make do with ancient customs and methods and also to claim superiority over the whole world.