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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books A Divine Perspective on Rights Right n. 34: The Right of the Partner حق الشريك وَأمّا حَقُّ الشَّرِيكِ، فَإنْ غَابَ كَفَيْتَهُ، وَإنْ حَضَرَ سَاويْتَهُ، ولا تَعْزِمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكَ دُونَ حُكْمِهِ، وَلا تَعمَلْ برَأْيكَ دُونَ مُناظَرَتهِ، وتَحْفَظُ عَلَيْهِ مَالَهُ وَتنْفِي عَنْهُ خِيَانتَهُ فِيمَا عَزَّ أَو هَانَ فَإنَّهُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ «يَدَ اللهِ عَلَى الشَّرِيكَيْنِ مَا لَمْ يَتَخاوَنا». ولا قُوَّةَ إلا باللهِ.

And the right of the partner is that you should take care of his affairs in his absence. And you should treat him equally when he is present. And you should not make any decisions on your own without considering his opinion. And you should not act according to your own opinion before discussing it with him.

You should safeguard his property, and refuse to betray him in what is of great or little importance, since it has been transmitted to us: “God’s hand is above (the hands of) the two partners as long as they do not betray each other.” And there is no power but in God. The concept of partnership has been mentioned in the Holy Qur’an when referring to Moses and his brother Aaron. Here Aaron is to become a partner with Moses to help him invite Pharaoh to obey God.

اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي “Add to my strength through him. And make him share my task.” [The Holy Qur’an, Ta-Ha 20:31-32] A partner is one who has a share in something or some work. We read in the following verse: وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمُلْكِ “…Nor has He a partner in His dominion...” [The Holy Qur’an, al-Furqan 25:2] This refers to God having no partners.

Of course, God has created many angels and forces to act as intermediate means to run the affairs of the universe. This also refers to ascribing partners to God.

أَمْ لَهُمْ شِرْكٌ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ “…Or have they a share in the heavens?” [The Holy Qur’an, al-Fatir 35:40] An infidel is one who associates partners with God.[^1] Partnership as Viewed in Jurisprudence A partnership is not established unless it is regarding two things that are totally alike in all respects, and are mingled into each other.

Then each partner allows the other one to use it.[^2] Some jurisprudents have also required that partnership should be verbally expressed in Arabic or another language. Partners should be adults, and they should be sound-minded. They should fully opt to engage in partnership and have the right to use their property.

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