ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books An Introduction To Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan (1817-1898) Endnotes [^1] Malik ,Hafeez , SirSayyid Ahmad Khan and Muslim Modernism in India and Pakistan (New York: Columbia University Press, 1980) [^2] . Notably theAligarh College, established in 1881, which became a university in 1920 and which remained the mainstay of Muslim education in the Indian subcontinent until [^1947]: [^3] .

“Proceedings of the First Meeting of the Scientific Society”,Ghazipur , January 9, 1864, published inFikr-o-Nazar , April (1963),Aligarh , pp. 8-[^11]: [^4] .Malik ,Hafeez (1980), SirSayyid Ahmad Khan and Muslim Modernism in India and Pakistan, Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 88-[^89]: [^5] . Panipat i,Shaikh Mu hammad Ismical (1976),Maktub at-e SirSayyid ,(Letters of SirSayyid Ahmad, henceforth Letters), 2 vols.,Majlis -eTaraqi -eAdab , Lahore, vol. 1, p.

[^413]: Ahmad Khan’s letters toNawab Mohsin al-Mulk , andMawlaviMahdi Ali Khan, written from England, were first published in SirSayyid’s journalTahdh ib al-lkhl aq, under the general title of SafarNamah -eMus afr an-e London. [^6] . Ahmad Khan’s letter of July 28, 1869, to the Secretary of State (George Douglas Campbell, the Eighth Duke of Argyll, 1823-1900), in Panipat i,Shaikh Mu hammad Ismical (ed., 1993) Letters to and from SirSyed Ahmad Khan, Board for Advancement of Literature, Lahore, pp.

3-[^5]: [^7] . “One can easily live here in one hundred and fifty rupees per month, except when one has to go for visits. It costs four hundred rupees a month just for the coaches! And this will only fetch a one-horse carriage with occasional two horse carriages.

Last nightMahmud was invited to the house of an Englishman, he spent two hours there, he went there in a pathetic horse carriage, the like of which one can fetch inBenaras for two or threeannas (one rupee had sixteenannas ); it cost seven shillings, i.e. seven and a half rupees...”Ahmad Khan’s letter of June 18, 1869 to Nawab Mahdi . Letters, op. cit, vol. 1, pp. 421-22, my translation. [^8] .Panipati ,Shaikh MuhammadIsma icl (ed. 1961),Mus afr an-e London,Majlis Taraqi -eAdab , Lahore, p.

[^184]: [^9] . Letters, op. cit. vol. 1, p. [^431]: [^10] .Published by Trubner & Co., [^1870]: In London, Khan had to borrowRs . 3,000; the book cost himRs . 3,948; the sale of 20 copies and donations from friends in India brought backRs . 1,691.(Letters, op.