Long before the Crusades...

Long before the Crusades, an Islamic rationalism, had existed in Muslim Spain and Muslim Sicily on Western soil and had been radiating from there to banish the Christian –Western “ Dark Age”. The Muslim idealistic rationalists precede the Jewish and Christian scholastics. Latin Christendom was borrowing and assimilating Islamic ideological culture, directly from original Arabic sources and the Latin translations of the works of Al- Ghazali, Al kindi, Al Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd and others.

Indirectly also through the translated works of Jewish scholastics (Maimonides) who had come even under deeper Islamic influences (G. Sarton,An Introduction to History of Science , 1:626, 694, 701). It is now an established fact of the history of science that the Christian scholastics did borrow from the Islamic philosophy (E.Gilson,History of…