ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Fiqh and Fuqaha Part 7: Ahkam Muhaqqiq Hilli has given the above name to this category, since the topics which fall under it are neither acts of worship nor contracts or unilateral pronouncements. He has divided this into 12 chapters. Chapter One:­ Kitab Al­sayd And Al­dhabaha This chapter deals with hunting and slaughtering of those animals whose meat we are allowed to eat. Sayd is hunting, dhabh is slaughtering.

An animal who has not been hunted as prescribed in Sharia, or has not been slaughtered as guided by Islam, will be 'maytah', a corpse which is najis, and haram to eat. This chapter also deals with the hunting of wild animals by trained hunting dogs. Chapter Two: ­Kitab Al­at'imah And Al­ashribah This chapter deals with those things which we are allowed to eat or drink, and those which are forbidden. A detailed treatment is given to animal food, sea food, non­-animal food and so on.

It also explains and categorises those animals which are Halal and those which are not. And even in the Halal animals, it tells us of those parts of the body which are haram to consume. It also gives rational treatment to those acts which may be ordinarily permissible and harmless, but are harmful for a particular person in a given circumstance. Chapter Three: ­ Kitab Al­ghasb It means an illegal possession of property, or usurpation.

As is known, ghasb is Haram, but it must also be known that it involves a liability. That means if a person usurps someone's property and if that property is damaged or destroyed while still in his illegal possession, he is liable for it, even if he did not directly damage or destroy it, but was instrumental in causing the damage or destruction. Chapter Four: ­ Kitab Al­shuf'ah Means the right of pre-emption.

When a partner wishes to sell his share, the remaining partner has a right of preemption for acquiring the share by buying it at the price offered by others. Chapter Five: ­Kitab Ihya Al­mawat Mawat refers to the barren, uncultivated land. A land which has been developed, either by building upon it or by cultivation is called "Amir" in Fiqh. The Prophet (s.a.w) said: "Whoever gives life to a barren, uncultivated land, that land belongs to him".

This has numerous ramifications, explained under the chapter. Chapter Six: ­Kitab Al­luqtah This refers to things which are picked up by chance, and the owner is unknown. This can apply to animals and non ­animals.