Instead of an arrangement between a businessman...

Instead of an arrangement between a businessman, an industrialist and a worker, it is an agreement between a landowner and a person who will work to till the land and carry out plantation, with a clear understanding about profit sharing when the harvest is ready. Musaqat is an arrangement between the farmer or garden owner, and the worker who undertakes to water the garden etc. and do all such work which would help the harvest or fruition.

Again, it is absolutely necessary that a prior agreement on the proportion of profit to be shared by each is reached. In Mudharibah, Muzariah and Musaqat, the profit, little or more, is proportionately shared, but the losses are borne by the capitalist alone. Chapter Ten: ­Kitab Al­wadee'ah This is just like Amanat, where a person deposits his property in trust with another person, making him responsible for its protection and security.

This chapter deals with the responsibilities of the trustee, particularly in the circumstances of loss or damage. Chapter Eleven: Kitab Al­ariyah To borrow something from a person, with an intention of benefiting from it.

The difference between this and wadeeah is that in wadeeah a person is given something to hold in trust, with no permission to use it in any way; while in ariyah, a person agrees to lend his property to another person with a clear understanding that the latter will use it to derive some benefit. Simple example is lending a car to someone for his use, lending clothes for wearing etc. Chapter Twelve: ­Kitab Al­ijarah To hire, or give on rent. This is done in two ways.

Either one gives away his property to another for use against an agreed sum of rent, or one undertakes to complete a certain peace of work against payment. This arrangement has one common feature with ordinary purchase and sale ­ in both the cases, something is given in return. The difference is that in any business or sale, a commodity is exchanged with money or its value, while in ijarah, the property itself is not exchanged, but its utilisation or benefit is hired or rented out.

Chapter Thirteen: ­Kitab Al­wakalah To appoint someone authorising him to enter into a contract on one's behalf or to make a certain commitment. The example is when a wakil is appointed for Nikah, Ijarah, Selling, Divorce, etc. Chapter Fourteen: ­Kitab Al­wuqoof & Sadaqat This deals with endowments and charities. waqf means to exclude one’s own property from ownership and give it away for a particular use.