ভূমিকা

764-[^68]: [^3] Ignazio Ciampi, Della vita e delle opere de Pietro Della Valle il pellegrino (Rome: Tipografia Berbèra, 1880), p. 181, no. [^52]: [^4] Ettore Rosse, Elenco dei manoscritti persiani della biblioteca Vaticana, Studi e Testi, 136 (Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1948), pp. 47-[^49]: [^5] The title Damerdbigiaska given in the passage above is elsewhere transliterated as Kamardinjaska.

The Italian edition of della Valle gives an alternate reading of the title as Kamerdbigiaska, "for thus the Persian copy has it, not being accurate in consonants or vowels" (ibid., I, 108, n. 2). The valiant effort of Lach and van Kley to see in della Valle's text a Jain treatise (Damerdbigiaska as a corruption of Digambara) is not convincing, though I am indebted to them for this reference to della Valle; see Donald F. Lach and Edwin J. van Kley, Asia in the Making of Europe, vol.

III, A Century of Advance (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993), p. [^658]: [^6] Kamak Dev, Kamar deni maka [sic], MS 1957-1060/18-1, National Museum, Islamabad, containing six chapters, so cited by Munzawi, IV, 2178, title no. 3944, MS no. [^11777]: I owe the reconstruction of the term bijaksa to David White of the University of California at Santa Barbara.

The similarity of the letters K, D, and U in a hastily scribbled Persian script helps to explain the confusion, along with the typical metathesis of S and K (bijaska in place of bijaksa) in the representation of Hindi words in Persian script. [^7] See Rossi, pp. 33-38, 44, 67-68, for della Valle's Persian texts on astronomy and religious disputation. These include (pp.

35-36) della Valle's own Persian translation of a Latin work on the astronomical theories of Tycho Brahe, composed by him in Goa in [^1624]: [^8] See my articles "The Islamization of Yoga in the Amrtakunda Translations," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 13:2 (2003), pp. 199-226; and “Situating Sufism and Yoga,” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 15:1 (2005), pp.