The category of passivity ( an yanfa’il )...

The category of passivity ( an yanfa’il ), which describes passive matter which is gradually affected by a material agent, such as water which is gradually warmed by the sun. It should be noted that all of these categories, except for that of relation, are specific to material things, since they possess time and place, and the relations between parts and considerations of direction are conceivable only for bodies.

Likewise, the encompassing of clothing and the like is also peculiar to material existents. Also, gradual affecting and being affected by occur only among material things. However, the category of relation is common between…