The proponents of this viewpoint have emphasized that...

The proponents of this viewpoint have emphasized that adopting the rational way of attaining knowledge about God and understanding metaphysical truths is not an easy job and it requires special skill, talent and ability; otherwise, the desirable result will not be obtained and in many instances, it may even lead to deviation.

In this regard, Shahīd Muṭahharī[^7] has said: “The limitedness of the meanings of words and expressions, on one hand, and the minds’ familiarity with tangible and physical concepts, on the other hand, make it difficult to think and reflect on metahphysical issues.

In order to be prepared for metaphysical reflections, the mind gradually undergoes certain processes… No doubt, when the meanings and concepts of the Divine wisdom want to manifest in the realm of philosophical intellects, it requires a particular mental acumen and intellectual capacity which is totally different from literary, technological, natural or mathematical acumen.

The mind must develop in a particular dimension or aspect so as to acquire acumen for such ideas.”[^8] The Holy Qur’an and traditions ( aḥādīth ) endorse this method, and the proofs and pieces of evidence in criticizing the viewpoint of the literalists will be stated.

Those who remember Allah standing, sitting, and lying on their sides, and reflect on the creation of the heavens and the earth [and say] ‘Our Lord, You have not created this in vain! Immaculate are You.