Iftar -the breaking of the Fast Ijtehad or Ijtihad -...

Iftar -the breaking of the Fast Ijtehad or Ijtihad - struggle to fathom divine law Imam -Divine vicegerent Imam-jamaat -leader of congregational prayer J Jafari , Ja’afari – Shia school of thought believing in the 12 Imams (as) Jamaat -group, congregation, and prayer of, Jehad or Jihad –struggle against self or against oppression jinn -a type of creature having like man, free-will Jomah or Jumu’ah -Friday, or the Friday congregational prayer K Kaba or Ka’aba -the Holy House in Mecca, the qibla of Muslims Kafan -shroud a corpse must be wrapped in Khoms or Khums -a fifth, obligatory tax-like charity M Maghreb or Maghrib –sunset, also the prayer shortly after sunset Mahram - haram to marry, usually due to close blood relation Mamoom -person praying in group-prayer Masjid - Islamic Center or building for prayer and other gatherings Mecca-holy city in Arabia where the Ka’aba is located Mehrab -place in the mosque where the Imam jamaat stands to pray Moadden or Muazzin -caller of the adhan Muta, Mut’a, Mutah -temporary marriage Mujtahed or Mujtahid -person capable of acting according to his own religious knowledge and not needing to refer to the verdict of another scholar Makrooh -abominable act, one is rewarded for not performing it Mustahab -thing done in desire of (divine) love, one is rewarded for performing it N Nafelah or Nafilah -defined desirable prayers in addition to the required daily prayers Najes or Najis -dirty and impure Najasat -impurity Niyyat –intention, as in the intention to perform an act O Olama or Ulama - the learned scholars of Islam Omrah or Umrah - a worship performed in Mecca like hajj not but mandatory Q Qada , Qaza , Qadha -performance of a duty that was not performed in its proper time, as in prayers performed late Qasr -four- rakat prayers, which become two- rakat prayer for those ruled as travelers Qibla -direction faced in prayer Qiyam -standing, rise, as in the standing prayer position Qonoot or Qunoot -part of the prayer with hands palms up Qorbat or Qurbat -the niyyat of nearness to Allah R Rakaat or Rakat - a unit or cycle of prayer Ramadan, Ramadhan, Ramazan -the month of fasting Roku, Ruku, Rukoo -a bow; part of the prayer S Sajda -prostration; part of the prayer Salaam, Salam -invocation and greeting, part of the prayer Salawat -invocation of blessings, particularly on Muhammad (saw) and his family Shahada – declaration, particularly the declaration of belief in Islam Sharia, Shareea, Sharia’ah - the Divine Law Shaytan, Shaitan -the enemy of man, Satan Shia -follower of the twelve Imams, commonly the Ja’fari school of thought Sojood, Sujood –prostrating (Plural of Sajdah) Sunni - “orthodox” or majority type of Muslim Sayyed, Sayyid, Sayed - descendent of the Holy Prophet T Taher or Tahir -clean, not impure Takbeer or Takbir - the saying of Allaahoo Akbar , (God is great) Taqleed or Taqlid - the following of a mujtahed for Islamic jurisprudence Tashahhod or Tashahud - declaration recited in the second and last rakat of all prayers Tayammom or Tayammum - Ritual cleansing (with sand/mud etc.) which is a substitute for wudhu and/or ghusl Tawheed - Divine Unity (Oneness of God) W Wajeb or Wajib - obligatory Wudoo, Wudoo, Wudhu, Wuzu - ritual wash performed for prayer, etc.