و يقابله ما كان طاردا لعدم نفسه فحسب كالأنواع التامة...

و يقابله ما كان طاردا لعدم نفسه فحسب كالأنواع التامة الجوهرية كالإنسان و الفرس و يسمى هذا النوع من الوجود وجودا لنفسه فإذن المطلوب ثابت و ذلك ما أردناه. و ربما يقسم الوجود لذاته إلى الوجود بذاته و الوجود بغيره و هو بالحقيقة راجع إلى العلية و المعلولية و سيأتي البحث عنهما. 3.3.

EXISTENCE-IN-ITSELF-FOR-ITSELF AND EXISTENCE-IN-ITSELF-FOR-SOMETHING-ELSE By ‘existence for something else’ is meant an existent by itself that in addition to dispelling non-being from its own quiddity, removes a non-being from another thing, though not from its essence and quiddity; for otherwise one existent will possess two quiddities, which implies the multiplicity of that which is one.

Hence the non-being removed is one that is extraneous to the thing’s essence and quiddity, having a kind of association with it. An example of it is knowledge, whose existence, in addition to removing non-being from its quiddity, removes ignorance from its subject, ignorance being a kind of non-being associated with the subject. Similar is ability, which in addition to removing…