He actually smashes one by one al the ten arguments which he...

He actually smashes one by one al the ten arguments which he himself expounds as forcefully as they could be in favour on their thesis.[^8] Like Kant again, he does not disagree with their basic position but only with their method.

He even joins the philosophers in their refutation of the position of some of the scholastic theologians, who maintained that the soul is a kind of subtle body or an accident and not a substance.[^9] What is more and rather strange, while determining the place of the soul in the realm of beings, al-Ghazālī talks the very language of the Neo-Platonic philosophers.

His cosmological triad of the divine world (‘alam al-malakut) , the celestial world ( ‘alam al-jabrut) , and the material phenomenal world ( ‘alam al-mulk w-al-shahadah) runs closely parallel to that of Plotinus consisting of the universal mind, the universal soul, and matter.[^10] Like Plotinus, he seems to vouch-safe that the human soul belongs to ‘alam al-