If God abstains from this emanation, nothing will come into existence.

If God abstains from this emanation, nothing will come into existence. As. a true religious thinker, Miskawaih tries to prove that creation comes ex nihilo . He mentions that Galen said something against this view, but was refuted by Alexander of Aphrodisias in a special treatise.[^14] The argument given by Miskawaih is as follows: Forms succeed each other, the substratum remaining constant. In this change from one form to another, where do the preceding forms go?

The two forms cannot remain together because they are contrary. Secondly, the first form cannot go elsewhere, because…