The definition of philosophy in al-Kindi's treatise on...

The definition of philosophy in al-Kindi's treatise on “First Philosophy” runs like this: “Philosophy is the knowledge of the reality of things within man's possibility, because the philosopher's end in his theoretical knowledge is to gain truth and in his practical knowledge to behave in accordance with truth.” At the end of the treatise, God is qualified by the term “truth,” which is the objective of philo­sophy.

“The True One ( al-Wahid al-Haq ) is, then, the First, the Creator, the Sustainer of all that He has created. ...” This view is borrowed from Aristotle's metaphysics, but the Unmovable Mover of…