ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books The Role of Holy Imams in Revival of Religion The Basis For the Two Schools' Ways of Thinking From the time of the Prophets' (s.a.w) death until the present day, two schools have existed in the Islamic world. The Imamate school and the Caliphate School. What do these two schools say with regard to the matter of the governor and leader after the Prophet? The Caliphate school say: The Leader and governor is elective.

The Imamate school says: The leader and governor is appointed (selective). The group which says that the appointment of the leader is based on election also believe that the electing is done by the people, and after the Prophet it is they who pick the governor. On the other hand, the Imamate school says that the designation of the leader is by appointment, this appointment being made by God and not the Prophet (s.a.w).

God the highest appoints, and the Prophet (s.a.w) informs the people of this divine appointment and selection. This was a summary of the belief of the two schools. Now we must go into a more detailed study of these two schools principals. First of all we will evaluate the Caliphate schools opinions.

The scholars of the Caliphate school possess books in which they have described such things as law and the says and means for forming a government and also the necessities for this, the governors duties, the rights of the Islamic government with regard to the people and the peoples rights with regard to the government, how ministers should be chosen, how the Friday Imam and the judges are appointed, how taxes should be collected, the amounts of "Zakat", "Kharaj" and "Jezieh" 103 who should receive it and how, and so on.

These books are the official writings of the Caliphate schools famous, authoritative and trustworthy scholars. We have taken our information on this schools beliefs with regard to the appointment of the Muslims leader from these books and thus proceed to evaluate them. We saw previously that in the Caliphate school they named the leader "Caliph". The person who was elected by the people was called (Khalifato Rosool) or "Caliph of the Prophet" which for brevity was later changed to "Caliph".

We also learned that in Islam there are some terms which occured during the Prophets' lifetime, either these terms or names being chosen by the Prophet himself, or chosen by God and narrated by the Prophet.