Tayammum can be done in the following seven circumstances: 1.
Tayammum can be done in the following seven circumstances: 1. When enough water cannot be obtained for wudu' or ghusl. If there still is ample time for performing salat, then one should wait and pray when he reaches a place where water is available. When water cannot be obtained, is it obligatory to search for it? If one knows that water is not available, then it is not obligatory for him to search for it.
But if there is a probability of finding water, then it is wajib to search for it until one becomes sure of its unavailability. In the latter case, if one is in plain and clear land, then he should search for a distant of 400 steps in two directions; if he is in a hilly area or in a forest, then he should search for 200 steps in all four directions. However, if one is sure of water's unavailability in a certain direction, then it is not necessary to search in that direction. 2.
When water is available but difficult to reach. It does not make any difference whether this difficulty is physical or otherwise. Therefore, if reaching for water involves danger of life, reputation or property, then one should do Tayammum . For example: owing to old-age or illness it is difficult to reach to the water, or in going for water a person is endangered by animals or thieves; or the owner demands outrageous price for water, etc. 3.
When use of water for wudu' or ghusl is dangerous to one's health or life. For example: one who fears that using water might make him sick or prolong his illness, then he should do Tayammum . However, if use of warm water in such a case is harmless, then Tayammum cannot be substitute of the wudu ' or ghusl. 4. When water is available but one is afraid that by using that water he will put himself, his companions or his domesticated animals in danger of thirst.
In such a case, one should perform Tayammum instead of wudu ' or ghusl. 5. When the time of salat is so short that if one starts to do wudu or ghusl his prayers will be qada whereas by performing Tayammum he will be able to say his prayers in time. In such a case one should do Tayammum . 6. When the body or the only available cloth of a person is najis; and he finds that if he uses the water for wudu' or ghusl, his body or cloth will remain najis.
In such a case he should first purify his body or his cloth with the available water and then do Tayammum . 7. When the use of water depends on those things which have been forbidden by the shari`ah.