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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Biographies of Leaders of Islam The Tenth Imam Ali An-naqi (as) NAME AND PARENTAGE His name Ali is usually suffixed by his titles ABU AL-HASAN and AN-NAQI. As both IMAM ALI AL-MURTADA and IMAM ALI AR-RIDA (AS) were also called ABU AL-HASAN, IMAM ALI AN-NABI is known as ABU AL-HASAN III. His mother's name is SUMANA KHATUN. BIRTH AND UPBRINGING He was born on the 5th of RAJAB of 214 A.H. (September 8, 829 A.D.) in Medina.

He enjoyed the love of his father IMAM MUHAMMAD AT-TAQI (AS) for only six years because his father had then to leave for Baghdad where he died on the 29th of THU AL-QI'DA 220 A.H. (November 24, 835 A.D) and the responsibilities of Imamate devolved on his young son's shoulders. Providence was the only tutor and instructor that reared and raised him to the extreme height of learning. CHANGES OF REGIME IMAM ALI AN-NAQI (AS) was still young when the ABBASIDE ruler AL-MU'TASIM died.

He was succeeded by AL-WATHIQ BI ALLAH who died in 236 A.H. Then came to the throne AL-MUTAWAKKIL, the most cruel and deadly enemy of AHL AL-BAYT (AS). He died in 250 A.H. (864 A.D.) and AL-MUNTASIR BI ALLAH assumed the caliphate. He reigned for any six months. On his death, AL-MUSTAIN was enthroned. The latter had to pant with his crown as well as his head when he was beheaded in 253 A.H. (867 A.D.). He was succeeded by AL-MU'TAZZ BI ALLAH during whose regime IMAM ALI AN-NAQI (AS) died.

HARDSHIPS AND MISFORTUNES AL-MU'TASIM remained preoccupied with was against the BYZANTINIANS and also with the troubles created by the ABBASIDE tribesmen in Baghdad. Anyway, he did not harass the young Imam who carried out his responsibilities peacefully. After him, AL-WATHIQ BI ALLAH too, treated him fairly. But when the latter was succeeded by his brother AL-MUTAWAKKIL son of AL-MU'TASIM, the period of persecution and misfortune began on full scale.

This ruler exceeded all his predecessors in bearing animosity towards AHL AL-BAYT (AS). During the 16 years of his Imamate, IMAM ALI AN-NAQI (AS) had become famous throughout the Islamic world. Those who loved to learn the teachings of AHL AL-BAYT (AS) always flocked around him. In the 4th year of AL-MUTAWAKKIL'S reign, the governor of Medina, ABDALLAH IBN HAKIM, started harassing the Imam. After persecuting him personally, he sent hostile reports against him to Baghdad.