ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Islamic Business Ethics Your Partner =============== Imam Zaynu '1-'Abidin (a.s.) writes, "It is the right of your partner that you should: • take his burden upon yourself if he is absent, and • work equally with him when he is present.

(lt is also known as al-Quraz in some Arab countries). There are three elements in mudaraba : • one provides the capital (silent partner) and the other works (active partner) on it. • in case of profit , they share in the profit. • in case of loss, only the silent partner will incur the loss (because the active partner has also lost the benefit of his labor and work). Unless, of course, the active partner was negligent and violated the terms of agreement. Musharaka -Full Partnership.

In this type of partnership, both or more partners provide the capital and work together. They share in the profit and the loss in proportion to their capital. Muzara'a -Sharecropping. This is a limited partnership between the landowner and the farmer (sharecropper). In this partnership, the farmer pays an agreed upon share (e.g., 1/3. 1/2 or 1/4) of the crop to the landowner and keeps the rest.

For example, after the conquest of Khaybar, the land of Khaybar became the Prophet's personal property. The Prophet, as the owner of the land, gave it to the people of Khaybar to cultivate at half of whatever they produce.[^2] Besides the share of the crop, both partners must also agree upon the time, the type of crop to be farmed, the land or parcels of land, and who will bear what and how much of the expenses for farming such as seeds, tools and equipment.

Both parties may also add any other condition they agree upon in their contract as long as it does not contradict the shari'a laws. Musaqat - "Sharefruiting".