Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Islamic Business Ethics Frequently Used Terms Halal: permitted, allowed, lawful, legal. The acts or things which are permitted and lawful. There is neither reward for performing it nor any punishment for neglecting it. For example: drinking tea. Haram: forbidden, prohibited. lt is necessary to abstain from the acts which are haram. If someone performs a haram act, then he or she will be punished either by the Islamic court or in the hereafter or both.
For example: stealing. Jaiz: same as halal. See above. Makruh: reprehensible, disliked, and discouraged. Acts which are disliked but not haram. If someone docs a makruh act, then he or she will not be punished for it; however, if people refrain from it, then they will be rewarded. For example: eating with left hand. Mubah: same as halal, except that the term “mubah” is exclusively used for lawful things and properties, not for acts. Mujtahid: a jurist.
The term is used to describe a Shi'a Muslim religious scholar who is an expert of' Islamic jurisprudence ( fiqh ). Commonly it is used for the high ranking mujtahids whose decrees are followed by the Shi'a people. Such mujtahids arc also known as “marja'” or "Ayatullah''. Mustahab: recommended, desirable, better. It refers to the acts which are recommended but not wajib. If one neglects them, then he or she will not be punished; however, if one performs them, then he or she will be rewarded.
For example: washing hands before eating. Shari'ah or Shari'a: literally means a way, a stream: in Islamic terminology, it means the laws of Islam. Sunnat: same as Mustahab. See above. Wajib: obligatory, necessary, incumbent. An act which must be performed. A person will be rewarded for performing it and punished for neglecting it. For example: the daily prayers. Next