But Allah (awj) chose to mould the human being as a...

But Allah (awj) chose to mould the human being as a volitional creature by the means of His existential and legislative guidance so that he would be responsible for his actions and distinguish truth from falsehood. It is in line with the same Divine norm that if the human being embarks on the path of oppression and disbelief, consequently he would be deprived of Divine guidance. But on the other hand, by choosing to follow the path of truth, the human being earns the blessing of further guidance.

Detailed Answer Before answering the question, it is necessary to mention some preparatory points. It would be helpful to reflect on the entire verse in question: “Had We wished We would have given every soul its guidance, but My word became due [against the defiant]: ‘Surely I will fill hell with all the [guilty] jinn and humans.’” [^1] The definition of hidayah : It signifies enlightening and showing the way, out of kindness and goodwill.

The Qur`aan recognizes two general types of Divine guidance: existential ( takwini ) and legislative ( tashri’i ). The existential is that all-inclusive guidance that benefits the entire creation. Allah (awj) guides all creatures to their ultimate perfection and goal by means of that which He has imparted in their nature. In this regard the Qur`an explains, “He said ‘Our Lord is He who gave everything its creation and then guided it” [^2].

This point is reiterated in the following verse: “[He] who created and proportioned, [He] who determined and guided.” [^3] The legislative guidance, which is the one specific to the bearers of intellect and thought, pertains to religious matters such as the true doctrines and the Divine law. This guidance has been delivered to humankind through the channels of Divine prophets and their infallible successors.

Allah (awj) says, “A part [of mankind] He has guided and a part has deserved [to be consigned to] error” [^4]; also, “and Allah guides whomever He wishes to a straight path.” [^5] As these verses allude to a limited guidance, it can be inferred that the guidance in question is the legislative. Nevertheless, this guidance in the context of the human community is an all-inclusive one [meant for all human beings].

The human being, as a creation of Allah (awj) who is subservient to Him, is the only creature moulded a free being.