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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books A Summary of Rulings The Rules of Food and Drink Issue 921: The meat of domesticated sheep, cows and camels, likewise, undomesticated sheep, cows, goats, donkeys and gazelle is lawful. However, the meat of the horse, mule and donkey is disliked (Makrooh). The meat of carnivorous animals, in general, and elephants, rabbits and insects is forbidden. Issue 922: The meat of birds possessing talons is forbidden.

Likewise, the meat of birds whose wings remain spread while flying or their gliding is more than their flapping is forbidden. As for the birds who are constantly flapping or their flapping is more than their gliding, then, its meat is lawful. From this group are types of doves (pigeons), turtledoves and partridges. However, the hoopoe (Hudhud) is disliked (Makrooh). Issue 923: When a piece of an animal is cut while the animal is alive, whether it be fat or flesh, eating it is forbidden.

Issue 924: The eating of fourteen (14) parts of an animal is forbidden (according to obligatory precaution in some): Blood The male sexual organ The female sexual organ The placenta Glands Testicles Pituitary Glands Bone Marrow The two yellowish nerves extending along the back from the neck to the tail. The gall bladder The spleen The urinary bladder The pupils of the eye The nerves that are between the hooves This is in large animals.

As for small animals like the sparrow, then, there is no objection in eating that which is not distinguishable or not separable from these things. Issue 925: The eating of something filthy by which man's nature is repulsed, is forbidden (like mucus and similar things) although it is pure. Issue 926: It is forbidden to eat or drink things that inflict an important harm for people.

Smoking cigarettes and other types of smoking, when it comprises an important harm to people according to experts and research, it is forbidden also. The usage of narcotics whether it be by injection, smoking, eating or whatever other method, is also forbidden. Issue 927: Drinking wine (Khamr) is forbidden and it is one of the major sins. Rather, in some traditions it is the greatest of sins.

If someone deems wine lawful, if he was mindful that making wine lawful necessitates the denial of Allah and the Prophet, then, he is a non-Muslim (Kaafir).