Issue 554...

Issue 554: Anytime a non-specific (Ghair-e-Mu'ayyin) obligatory fast is his duty, for example the Qadhaa’ of the month of Ramadhaan or the fast of a Kaffaarah, the time of intention remains until Zuhr. Meaning, in the event, he had not done anything which invalidates the fast and before Zuhr he makes the intention, his fast is correct.

Issue 555: The day of doubt (Yaum Ash-Shakk), meaning a day that people have doubt that it is the end of the month of Sha'baan or the beginning of the month of Ramadhaan, that fast is not obligatory. If one desires to fast, he must make the intention of the month of Sha'baan or if he has a Qadhaa’ fast as his duty, he makes the intention of Qadhaa’. In the event that it had become known afterward to be the month of Ramadhaan, he counts (this fast as one of the fasts) of Ramadhaan.

However, if during the day he comes to know (it is Ramadhaan), he must immediately change his intention to the fast of the month of Ramadhaan.

Actions which render the fast invalid Issue 556: Actions which render the fast invalid, according to precaution, as nine things: • Eating and drinking • intercourse • masturbation • lying on God, the Prophet (S) and the Imams (AS) • allowing thick dust to reach the throat • immersing the entire head in water • remaining in the state of ritual impurity or menstruation or the bleeding of childbirth until the Azaan • of the morning prayer • taking a fluid enema • intentionally vomiting.

God willing, the explanation of these issues will be explained. 1) Eating and Drinking Eating and drinking intentionally renders the fast invalid, whether eating familiar things, like bread and water, or unfamiliar things like the bark of a tree, be it of small quantity or large.

Even if a toothbrush is taken out of the mouth and again entered into the mouth and that moisture is swallowed, his fast becomes invalid except if that moisture of the toothbrush is little and goes in with the water of the mouth. Issue 558: Eating and drinking inadvertently and in forgetfulness does not invalidate the fast. Issue 559: Obligatory precaution is that the fasting person restrains himself from injections and serums which are used in place of food and medicine.

However, injections that are given in the limbs to numb the feelings, there is no objection. Issue 560: People are not able to, with fear of weakness, to ruin their fasts. However, if finds a degree of weakness which it brings causes him great difficulty, he is able to break his fast.